酒店布草作為客房、餐飲等區域的必備品，其潔白度直接影響賓客體驗和酒店形象。長期使用中，布草易出現變黃現象，這與洗滌方式、存放環境、水質等因素密切相關。掌握科學的養護方法，能有效延緩布草變黃，延長其使用壽命。

　　As a must-have item in guest rooms, dining areas, and other areas, the whiteness of hotel linens directly affects guest experience and hotel image. In long-term use, linen is prone to yellowing, which is closely related to factors such as washing methods, storage environment, and water quality. Mastering scientific maintenance methods can effectively delay the yellowing of linen and extend its service life. 

　　洗滌環節的細節把控是預防變黃的關鍵。首先需根據布草材質和污漬類型選擇合適的洗滌劑，避免濫用堿性過強的洗衣粉或漂白劑。過量的堿性物質會破壞布草纖維結構，導致纖維變脆且易吸附雜質，逐漸呈現黃色；而漂白劑使用不當（如濃度過高或水溫不適），會使布草局部氧化，出現難以逆轉的黃斑。洗滌時應控制水溫，棉麻類布草適宜水溫為 60℃-70℃，化纖類則不超過 40℃，過高的水溫會加速纖維老化和色素沉積。此外，需確保洗滌劑充分溶解，避免未溶解的顆粒附著在布草上，形成殘留污漬，洗滌后要進行至少兩次漂洗，徹底清除洗滌劑殘留，防止殘留成分在布草上氧化變色。

　　Controlling the details of the washing process is the key to preventing yellowing. Firstly, it is necessary to choose a suitable detergent based on the material of the linen and the type of stain, to avoid excessive use of alkaline laundry detergent or bleach. Excessive alkaline substances can damage the structure of linen fibers, causing them to become brittle and easily adsorb impurities, gradually turning yellow; Improper use of bleach (such as high concentration or unsuitable water temperature) can cause local oxidation of the linen, resulting in irreversible yellow spots. When washing, the water temperature should be controlled. The suitable water temperature for cotton and linen fabrics is 60 ℃ -70 ℃, while for synthetic fibers it should not exceed 40 ℃. Excessive water temperature can accelerate fiber aging and pigment deposition. In addition, it is necessary to ensure that the detergent is fully dissolved to prevent undissolved particles from adhering to the linen and forming residual stains. After washing, at least two rinses should be performed to thoroughly remove detergent residues and prevent residual components from oxidizing and discoloring on the linen. 

　　污漬的及時處理能減少變黃隱患。賓客使用過程中，布草可能沾染汗漬、油漬、茶漬等，這些污漬若未及時清除，會在布草纖維中固化，尤其汗漬中的蛋白質成分，經高溫洗滌后會變性并牢牢附著在纖維上，形成黃色斑點。對于局部污漬，應在洗滌前用中性清潔劑預處理，如用稀釋的白醋浸泡汗漬處 15 分鐘，或用專用去漬劑輕拍油漬區域，避免用力搓擦導致纖維損傷。對于茶漬、咖啡漬等含色素的污漬，可先用冷水浸泡，再用溫和的氧化劑處理，避免直接使用熱水使色素固化。

　　Timely treatment of stains can reduce the risk of yellowing. During guest use, the linen may be contaminated with sweat, oil, tea stains, etc. If these stains are not removed in time, they will solidify in the linen fibers, especially the protein components in the sweat stains. After high-temperature washing, they will denature and firmly adhere to the fibers, forming yellow spots. For local stains, neutral cleaning agents should be used for pre-treatment before washing, such as soaking sweat stains in diluted white vinegar for 15 minutes, or lightly tapping oil stains with specialized stain removers to avoid rubbing and damaging fibers. For stains containing pigments such as tea stains and coffee stains, they can be soaked in cold water first, and then treated with a mild oxidant to avoid directly using hot water to solidify the pigments. 

　　晾曬與烘干方式對布草潔白度影響顯著。自然晾曬時，應避免將布草長時間暴露在陽光下暴曬，尤其是棉麻材質，紫外線會使纖維中的天然色素活化，導致布草整體泛黃。建議在通風陰涼處晾干，或在陽光下晾曬至八成干后移至室內陰干。采用烘干機烘干時，需控制烘干溫度，棉麻類布草烘干溫度不宜超過 80℃，化纖類不超過 60℃，高溫會使布草中的殘留水分快速蒸發，同時讓纖維中的雜質固化，形成黃色印記。烘干后應及時取出布草，避免在烘干機內長時間靜置，防止余熱導致布草悶黃。

　　The drying and air drying methods have a significant impact on the whiteness of linen. When naturally drying, it is advisable to avoid exposing the linen to sunlight for a long time, especially for cotton and linen materials. Ultraviolet radiation can activate the natural pigments in the fibers, causing the overall yellowing of the linen. It is recommended to air dry in a well ventilated and cool place, or in sunlight until 80% dry before moving indoors to dry in the shade. When using a dryer for drying, the drying temperature should be controlled. The drying temperature for cotton and linen fabrics should not exceed 80 ℃, and for synthetic fibers, it should not exceed 60 ℃. High temperatures can cause residual moisture in the fabric to evaporate quickly, while also solidifying impurities in the fibers, forming yellow marks. After drying, the linen should be promptly taken out to avoid prolonged standing in the dryer to prevent residual heat from causing yellowing of the linen. 

　　儲存環境的優化能延緩布草變黃。存放布草的倉庫需保持干燥通風，相對濕度控制在 50%-60% 之間，潮濕環境會使布草吸附空氣中的霉菌孢子，導致霉變泛黃，可在倉庫內放置除濕袋或安裝除濕機。布草應折疊整齊后放入透氣的收納袋中，避免直接接觸墻壁或地面，防止灰塵和潮氣侵入。同時，不同材質、顏色的布草應分開存放，避免深色布草的染料沾染到淺色布草上，尤其新布草與舊布草需隔離存放，防止舊布草上的色素轉移。此外，布草儲存時間不宜過長，應遵循 “先進先出” 原則，減少長期存放導致的纖維老化變黃。

　　Optimizing the storage environment can delay the yellowing of linen. The warehouse storing linen should be kept dry and ventilated, with a relative humidity controlled between 50% -60%. A humid environment can cause the linen to adsorb mold spores from the air, leading to mold and yellowing. Dehumidifier bags or dehumidifiers can be placed in the warehouse. The linen should be folded neatly and placed in a breathable storage bag, avoiding direct contact with walls or floors to prevent dust and moisture from entering. At the same time, fabrics of different materials and colors should be stored separately to prevent dyes from dark fabrics from contaminating light fabrics. Especially, new and old fabrics should be stored separately to prevent the transfer of pigments from old fabrics. In addition, the storage time of linen should not be too long, and the principle of "first in, first out" should be followed to reduce fiber aging and yellowing caused by long-term storage. 

　　定期的專業養護也是必要措施。對于使用一段時間的布草，可進行周期性的護色處理，如每月用中性柔順劑浸泡一次，補充纖維流失的天然油脂，增強布草的抗污能力和潔白度。對于輕微泛黃的布草，可用低濃度的檸檬酸溶液浸泡 30 分鐘后清洗，利用酸性成分中和殘留的堿性物質，恢復布草潔白。同時，需定期檢查洗滌設備，如洗衣機的內筒是否有污垢堆積，烘干機的濾網是否清潔，避免設備中的雜質污染布草，導致二次泛黃。

　　Regular professional maintenance is also a necessary measure. For fabrics that have been used for a period of time, periodic color protection treatment can be carried out, such as soaking them in neutral fabric softener once a month to supplement the natural oil lost from fiber loss, enhance the fabric's stain resistance and whiteness. For slightly yellowed linens, soak them in a low concentration citric acid solution for 30 minutes and then clean them. Use acidic components to neutralize residual alkaline substances and restore the whiteness of the linens. At the same time, it is necessary to regularly check the washing equipment, such as whether there is dirt accumulation in the inner cylinder of the washing machine and whether the filter screen of the dryer is clean, to avoid impurities in the equipment contaminating the linen and causing secondary yellowing.

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